52 Ancestors: Week 4 "At the Library": The Truth About the Death of Catherine Elizabeth (Winters) Graham Mapplebeck

According to her death certificate, my 2nd-great-grandmother Catherine Elizabeth (Winters) Graham Mapplebeck died of coronary sclerosis due to chronic nephritis on 4 March 1942.

 Elizabeth Maplebeck death certificate. Missouri State Board of Health.

She was 80 years old, so the cause of death seemed quite plausible. I never suspected that there was more to it until I visited the Hayner Public Library District's Genealogy & Local History Library in Alton, Illinois, where Elizabeth and her children had lived for a time. I searched the digitized newspaper collection and came across a brief item from the 5 March 1942 issue of the Joplin Globe entitled "Two St. Louis Women Overcome by Smoke, Die." One of the women was Elizabeth Mapplebeck!

I went to the St. Louis County Library to look for more information. At that time, I did not have access to the digital archives of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, so I looked through the microfilm. The 3 March 1942 issue of the St. Louis Post-Dispatch contained more details ("Invalid Perishes in Nursing Home Fire; 9 Overcome," p. 3.). A fire had broken out at the Brantwood Nursing Home in Lemay, St. Louis County, Missouri. The nursing home had opened about four months previously, and had no outside fire escape. The fire started near the motor for the electric icebox. One man, Henry Kern, died of asphyxiation an hour after he was taken to the hospital. Five others had been carried out while unconscious, but had been revived. Three people were stated to be in serious condition. Elizabeth Mappleback was at the hospital, but was not considered to be in serious condition. However, the next day, her death was reported ("Woman, 82, Second Victim of Lemay Hospital Fire." St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 4 March 1942, p. 7C. )

It is strange that there was no mention of anything related to the fire on her death certificate. She must have suffered from smoke inhalation. Perhaps the stress of the experience brought on a heart attack.

Mystery Monday: Parents of Jane Mapplebeck

Jane Mapplebeck, the father of my great-grandmother's stepfather/adoptive father James Mapplebeck and probably the only grandparent that my great-grandmother ever knew, died on 24 August 1909 in Glassboro, Gloucester County, New Jersey.

According to her death certificate, her parents were James Bass and Isabella Bowie. However, there are question marks after both names, so they may not be accurate.

New Jersey. Bureau of Vital Statistics. Death certificate, Jane Mapplebeck, 1909. New Jersey State Archives.

According to the death certificate and the 1871 Census of Canada, Jane was born in Nova Scotia. The death certificate states that her father was born in the United States. Considering the time period and migration pattern, I suspect that he may have been a Loyalist.

Jane's daughter Sarah died in 1920. On Sarah's death certificate, the maiden name of her mother does not look like Bass. I am not sure what it says; the name is difficult to read.

New Jersey. Department of Health. Bureau of Vital Statistics. Death certificate, Sarah A. Mapleback, 1920. New Jersey State Archives.

Closeup of mother's maiden name 

 My 3rd-great-grandfather John Bennet Winters (the father of Catherine Elizabeth Winters, who married James Mapplebeck) was married to Elizabeth Buise, and the "mystery person" in the Winters family Bible, Margaret McGillivray, had a son named Charles Buise (also known as Charles Bews). I have wondered if there is an additional connection between the Buise/Bews family and my family. When I saw Sarah Mapleback's death certificate, I wondered if Jane's maiden name could be Buise or Bews, but I am not sure that is what the death certificate says.

The death certificates of Jane's sons James and George do not name her parents. I have not found a record of her marriage to George Mapplebeck. I have not identified any of Jane's relatives except her three children.

Military Monday: The Boxer Rebellion

On 2 August 1900, my great-grandmother's brother Garfield Graham (also known as Garfield Mapplebeck) and five other men left Alton, Madison County, Illinois and headed to St. Louis, Missouri. They intended to enlist in the United States Army and serve in China.

Alton Evening Telegraph, 2 August 1900, page 3

The Boxer Rebellion was taking place in China at this time. A Chinese secret society called I-ho-ch'uan (Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists) was opposed to the influence of foreigners and the Christian religion. They became known in English as the Boxers because they practiced martial arts. The Boxers attacked and killed missionaries and other foreigners, as well as Chinese Christians.

The Eight-Nation Alliance was formed in response to the Boxer Rebellion. It consisted of the British Empire, the United States, Japan, Russia, Germany, France, Italy, and Austria-Hungary. The U.S. Army, Navy, and Marines participated in the China Relief Expedition and attempted to rescue United States citizens and other foreign nationals.

In June 1900, the telegraph line between Beijing and Tientsin was cut, and the railway line between the two cities was destroyed. Violence in Beijing increased. An international expedition led by Edward Seymour was sent to Beijing on 10 June 1900, but was forced to retreat to Tientsin after being defeated by the Chinese Army.

In early August 1900, about 19,000 soldiers from the Eight-Nation Alliance began moving from Tientsin to Beijing. They arrived in the Outer City on 14 August 1900. On 15 August 1900, they entered the Inner City and occupied Beijing.

Route of the Relief Force of the Eight Nation Alliance, China, 1900. Retouched by Smallchief. Original image by U.S. Department of the Army (Military Review Magazine, 1983). Public domain. Available from Wikimedia Commons.

The United States did not participate in subsequent military operations. Most U.S. troops had been sent to Manila by the following winter.

Given the timing of events, Garfield probably did not serve in China as he had intended to do. I am not sure if he even ended up enlisting in the army. According to his 1930 U.S. census enumeration, he was not a veteran. However, since I do not know who provided the information to the census taker, the information could be incorrect. He was still in Alton in 1901, working at the glass company, so it seems likely that he did not end up enlisting. But if the American role in the Boxer Rebellion had continued for a longer period, perhaps he would have gone to China.

References
Boxer Rebellion
The Boxer Rebellion in China 1898-1900 
China (Boxer Rebellion), 1900-01
China Relief Expedition
Eight-Nation Alliance
Leonhard, Robert. The China Relief Expedition: Joint Coalition Warfare in China, Summer 1900.
Seymour Expedition

Tombstone Tuesday: Sarah Mapplebeck

Photo by Mary Ann Missimer-Moore - Find A Grave contributor

Sarah Mappleback was born about 1854 in Ontario, Canada. She was the daughter of George Mapplebeck and his second wife Jane, and the older sister of James Mapplebeck, my great-grandmother's stepfather/adoptive father. She worked as a fur finisher. Sarah, her mother, and her brother George moved to Camden, New Jersey in the 1890s. By 1910, Sarah had moved to Glassboro, Gloucester County, New Jersey. She died on 21 October 1920 and was buried in Manahath Cemetery in Glassboro.

Amanuensis Monday: Names of Men Naturalized Since May 7, 1894

Detroit Free Press, 3 November 1894, page 1

The November 3, 1894 issue of the Detroit Free Press published a list of names of men that could not vote in the November 6 election because they had declared their intentions to become citizens less than six months prior to the election. One of the men was William Mapplebeck, the half-brother of my great-grandmother's stepfather/adoptive father James Mapplebeck. He was born in England and came to Canada when he was very young.

THESE CANNOT VOTE

____________________________________________

 
NAMES OF MEN NATURALIZED SINCE
MAY 7 LAST

____________________________________________

HAVE NOT BEEN ON THE LIST THE

NECESSARY SIX MONTHS

 ____________________________________________

DEMOCRATIC CHALLENGERS WILL 

LOOK OUT FOR THEM

 ____________________________________________

Other Bits of Talk from the Field of Local Politics.

____________________________________________

 The Democratic city committee have prepared the following list of names of those who have been naturalized in this city since May 7 last. None of these are entitled to vote, as only those who have declared their intentions to become citizens at least six months prior to an election have the right of suffrage under the law. The challengers of the committee will have instructions to challenge any of the following list who will present themselves at the polls next Tuesday. Republicans have been making the boast that as they now have control of the office of county clerk they have not been losing sight of the advantage to be gained by thus fact, and it has been used to make as many Republican voters as possible:
  Michael Alet, Joseph Andrews, Clement Abraham, Frank Ammon, Julius Adam, Guiseppe Angottel, John Adas, C. Alonbrondt, Frank W. Aainslie, Jacob Anspach, Peter Anderson, Walter J. Arnold, Louis Applefield, Joseph Audrich, Charles Aust, Henry Allendorf.
   John Bennett, Hubert Bowerman, John Bestak, August F. Blum, James Brownlee, William J. Bray, Valty Borgocki, Dennis Beausoliel, O. James Byrne, Charles Bieras, Joseph Bozowaka, Martin Buchholz, Joseph Borewicz, Karl Bormask, Albert Brunke, Alex Brandon, Harry Beatty, Wilhelm Buckow, Gottlob Bohenberger,Francis Bach, John Bakanoioik, Anton Barns, John Burnatt, Douglas D, Brown, Richard Bamford, George S, Balmer, Frank Blagl, Brock E. Bruch, Charles E. Bellamy, Carl Bransch, James H. Beecroft, William Blythe, William Benninger, Andrew Bry, Ferdinand Beyer, Richadr Browning, Jacob Boyke, John M. Baillie, John Baxter, George Bonds, Samuel H. Bradley, Jan Bosinshur, Felix Bizewski, Anthony Bock, Samuel Brooks, Joseph Begott, James Bullen, Joseph Bobilion, William Baldwin, Owen C. Brown, M. D., C. Wesley Baker, John Braun, Henry Bellinger, M. D., Charles A. Bojork, Edgar R. Bosley, Herman Buvack, Ben Berringer.
   Thomas Carr, James Campbell, W. A. Campbell, Frederick Clarahn, Richard Conrad, Damiano Coffoge, Chas. J. Clapham, Samuel Clapham, Alfred Clark, Alex Cowan, John M. Cotton, Robert Campbell, James Cameron, John P. Craine, Charles Cloutier, Ernest Clay, John A. Coulter, Joseph Clehoulas, John Crosson, James Thos. Cotter, Carden T. Crofts, James Curlett, Martin Cascadan, Sidney Coltis, John Czygewick, Michael Choyka, James Common, John A. Cale, Chas H. Cogan, Peter Thos. Carolan, James Cochrane, Alex Campbell, Michael Caria, Washington E. Cornell, Gustave Cischke, Joseph Cummings, John Croft, Joseph Carolan, Nathan F. Currie, Michael Cotter, John D. Case, John D. Costello.
   Frank Duthiewiz, Peter Dybars, Charles De Balke, Alex Demay, Jules De Feone, Jules De Roy, Ludwig Dally, Ludwig Darrid, Francis Derlick, Carl Degen, Geo. W. Duncan, Fred Dunke, Louis Dorr, Peter Duna, August Demsky, James De Beaumont, Francesca Defazio, Nya A. Di Collelino, Chas A. Dutton, Alfonse Di Luccia, Anthony Dempler, Wilfred Defour, James O. Dwyer, David Doran, Constant Decluck, J. E. Delaney, Samuel Derbyshire, Edwin Davenport, Karl Demankopski, Thomas Davison, Reuben S. Davis, Max Diedrich, Theo. Debroski.
   Carl Erdinas, Carl Aug, Engler, Julius Engel, Geo. Einkorn, James A. Eastman, Benjamin Ellerton, Robert Elcone, Adolph Ewald, Richard Eastcot, Alfred E. Edwards, John E. Ellis, Frank Errinck.
   Wm. Fryer, Benard J. Franks, Emil Friedrich, Andrew Felsen, W. H. Franks, Frank Feother, John Felzya, Hermann Fritz, Wm. Fea, Henry Froehlin, Wm. Fair, Albert D. Frank, Thomas W. Fowles, Fred Fischer, John Fenske, Wm. Ferguson, Edmund S. Ferguson, Richard J. Farrell, Wm. C. Farrell, Patrick Fogarty, Thomas Wm. Foster, Joseph Funke, Bernard Funke, John M. Flannery, Fred Frick.
   George Geddis, Herbert Hervey Gamble, Andrew Gosegosewski, Teofil Gorereiviz, Joseph Golembieski, Melchior Ganche, T. H. George, Thomas E. Gustin, Gustave Givosehheim, John Gorman, Walter C. Goddard, John F. Geraghty, Albert Gehrisch, Emil Groesev, John Gaw, Katl Gittinger, Andrew Gore, Joseph Gabriel, Albert E. Griffith, John Galubski, Carl Grose, Frederick Ganzel, Wm. Galpin, Henry Gessert, Manuel R. Gabell, Wilhelm Grabert, John Gillis, John Genais, Herman Grumavohe, John Golke, Reno Gieogio, Wm. G. Gibbs, Chas. wm. Gould, Frank Gabowski, Henry Glinz, Bernard Goldberg, John George, Wm. Gibson, Chas. Greenlaw, Wm. Goik.
   Francis H. Hall, Carl Hoffman, Geo. L. Humphries, George Harker, James Hayes, Louis Hory, John Heenan, William Hamilton, Jacob Hahn, Robert J. Higgins, Henry A. Howry, John Hewick, Peter Howlatka, Frederick A. Herman, Herman Hoffman, Carl Holwedel, Albert E. Humphrey, John Henning,William Hayball, Wm. L. Helkie, Edward R. Huston, Andrew Roy Hackett, Joseph W. Humphrey, Frederick Heiden, Amiel Hath, Geo. F. Howe, Henry Herzig, Simon Hock, Frederick Howe, Stephen Hollis, Peter H. Highland, William Harper, August Hart, Frank Raymonf Hardinge, King Houston, Robert Hogg, John Haciaz.
   James Ingram.
   Adam Jacowiz, Edward Jersehke, William Jago, Herman Jordan, Charles Just, Frank Jahnke, Seiv Janos, Herman Johnson, Henry P. Jeiffer, Loren C. Jesperson, Albert Jelich, Charles Johnson, August Jowske, Anton Jankowski, Michael Jamorz, Toepil Jarembski.
   John Klever, Anthony Krause, Lawrence Karas, Francis Karahan, Andreas Kulasit, Michael Krych, John Kufel, Damuel Kingsbury, John H. Keller, Theodore Kramp, Thoedore Kress, Louis Klein, Chas, Kirchoff, Hugh Kay, Arnold Kern, James Kane, Browiestaw Krosiecki, Frederick K. Kappler, Leopold Kowalski, Robert Kanehl, Karl Kubitaki, Mihaly Koesis, John Kabalin, Joseph Kabalin, Peter Kaeppel, Michael Kuezajda, Otto Kurpp.
   Desire Lauckriet, James M. Lonergan, Frank Lieder, Gustave Letz, Chas. Lindsay, Geo. Laralee, Gustave Lecureux, Alex. Lersch, Adolph Lacharize, Luigi Liperota, Francisco Liperota, Vinzens Ley, Mathew A. Layton, Chas. S. layton, Frank Liuski, Chas. Laforais, Henry Leitzan, Moritz Lewison, Henrich Lester, Aloise Lindenberger, Karl Lawrenz, Leopold Lanba, Carl A. Linde, Lonzo Ley, Jacob London, Chas. Lampard, Robt. James Lethersich, Victor Lapiere, Max Levy, Chas. E. Leat, Frank Lorenz.
   Thos. McGrath, Thaddeus McLeod, Donald McDonald, Hugh McDonald, Adam A. McDonald, Thos. McCulloch, Allan J. McLaughlin, John McKay, David L. McCarter, John J. McCready. Edmund McGrath, Donald McKay, Wm. R. McDalan, Albert McDonald, Chas. A. McDougall, Alfred H. McLeod, Joseph McVeigh, John McDermitt.
   Wm. Marshall, Geo. R. Malcolm, Vincent Muzyk, Jacob Milke, Frank E. Melville, Thos. J. A. Milliken, Anton Muller, Owen Malloy, Thos. H. J. Martin, Salvatore, Mucciardi, Thos. Matthews, Max Mattutal, Ben Magee, Robert G. Meath, Jacob Miller, Robert Meyer, Wm. Murchey, Anunziato Miniaci, James J. Murdoch, John a. Maisel, Fred K. Misch, Albert Muller, Fredk. Mamer, James Manzies, Lidwig Mielo, Andrew Maryonski, Jacob Mosdeisz, John H. Macalpine, Geo. H. Miller, John Miko, Joseph Monforton, Herbert Mickle, Albert N. Masterson, John Miehalk, W. H. Middleditch, Albert G. J. Muller, Frank Mieloch, John Martin, Wm. Mapplebeck, Jacob John Miller, Gustave A. Mueller, Gustave Manquadt, Ernest Maenk, R. W. Meachaur, Jr., Adoplhus Martin, Wm. J. Marshall, Nicholas Manes, James J. Mouish, Henry Mueller.
   Edward Nieland, John Nowecki, Robert Norris, Cyrus L. Noble, Jacob Nieaskiski, Frank Nowak, Joseph Nowicke, August Nafez.
   Michael Olejiniazak, John Ostrowski, Jerry D. O'Mara, Joseph Olymezak, Chris. Ouellette.
   Geo. E. Penton, August Pond, Samuel Payne, John Palmer, Peter Provort, Henry Paget, Frank J. Peddie, Edward Petz, Chas. M. Petersen, Wm. Pangkoff, Edward Pohlman, Wm. J. Publow, Herman Pezdtke, E. Austin Pickard, John W. Purcell, Bartholomew Picha, Waldislas Poslier, Rudolph Pachale, Herman A. Pieger, Rudolph Prausch, Thos. Piechniecki, Malachi L. Poole, Wm. W. Prosser, Andrew Petruzzo, Giovani Petruzi, Ferretti Pasquale, August Poysikus, Ferdinand Papke, Gilbert Pappinan, Micoclan Prokapp, Robert Palmer, John Pope, John Prsybysz, Chas. Prost, Samuel Palmer, Jacques Pari, Chas W. Payne, Herman Plaum, John Piorthopsku, Geo. E. Potter, Sidney Pagen.
   Daniel Quandt.
   Ferdinanie Retz, Chas. Ringer, Wm. Roberts, John Rechloski, Robt. C. Robinson, Anthony Radzicki, Joseph Radossewicz, Chas. Rawlinson, Mier Richstein, Karl Rollin, Hans Rutishauser, Joseph F. Rudiger, Eugene Riffel, Arthur E. Radcliff, Clemens Ricken, Patrick J. Ryan, Rine Reggan, Aug, Rablowski, John M. Rowed, Augst Radthe, Fredk. Rubitzki, Mederic Raethe, Wm. Rochford, Thos. Rowe, Christian Rosenthal, John T. Robinson, Thomas Robertson, Fredk. Rutger, Herman Richter, Francis Reilly, Fredk. J. Reid.
   James Shaw, Peter Sherry, Fredk. Schlump, Lepold Schoen, Horace J. SZeres, Ambrose Siegel, Reinhold Steiger, Otto Schultz, John Sowenfeld, Wm. R. Somerville., Tony Serpeon, Robert Stewart, Fred. J. Schoweder, James Sheaver, Alex. Smith, Gus. Sprang, Jacob Shamburg, August Scheva, Herman Scheel, Maciej Salek, Fred G. Sell, Richard Spigada, Rudolph Schumacher, Ferdinand Schuberg, Samuel Schultz, Carl Seelke, Hugh Shields, Wm. Schepke, Max H. Theodore Schuett, Frank Schaeller, Hardy Shay, Rudolph Sagetzki, Wm. Straude, Otto Sknou, Jules Sybrestre, Karl Hansen Schwartz, John Shimming, Louis Schmitt, Wilhelm Schroder, Wm. Sarr, Jas. L. Stewart, Robt. Symington, Oscar Schroeder, J. J. Sawdick, Martin Schimelfenny, Joseph Schirp, Barton Siepin, Lawrence Scott, Albert Scott, John Smith, Wm. Schurrphase, Wellington Southwood, Edward Schulst, Jno. W. Schraz, Peter Sowatzki, John A. Sinclair, Antoine Sozzafare, Vincenso Sposito, Vinncenco Stantoui, Albert Stahmke, Rudolph Schyier, Albert G. Smythe, Joseph Siegrist, Frank Sutton, James Sumemrfield, August Srock, Anton Seyway, Francis Stycki, Frank Strelkowski, Joseph Smidt, Maciaj Syplik, Stanislaus Stentil, John Skoweott, John Schaster, Henry Saeallisch, Albert Spain, John A, Stephens, Bartal Simae, henry Robert Smith.
   John Tighe, Martin Trybus, V[?] Thom, Hubert Taylor, Frank Joseph Troston, John Trzeciak, Michael Tapalka, Carl E. Taube, Thos. H. Trethewey, Pietra Tasca, Iastam Terenzia, Abraham Trombley, Anthony Thomas, Jas. T. Teevin, Telsira Tonalczyk, Michael Tedman, Geo. E. Tiromey, Donald W. Thompson, Chas. Trickey, Ben Terres, Albett Twanski, Fredk. Theel, Wm. Tea, James Thornton, Chas. Thlybert.
   Joseph Uhrig, Jos. L. Utter.
   Jasot Van Leyen, Wilhelm Varban, Albert Voss, Modeste Vanhove, Daniel Varga, Christian Viriogge, Wm. VanSickle, Henry VanDe Grehnetske, Chas. VanDen Berghe, Jos. Viler.
   Thomas Wilson, Herman Wunderlich, Robert Wilson, Wm. Wainwright, Con. Withad, Ludwig Wagner, Peter F. White, Wm. Whellham, Joseph Williamson, Wilhelm Wedell, Alex. Wayas, Henry Wharton, Jas. Wharthy, Chas. R. Wendland, Chas. Williams, August Weghaupt, Wm. Wellmeier, Geo. L. Whitehead, Wm. Williams, Herman Winkler, Chas. Winkel, B. J. Wermers, John Wochele, Wm. H. Williams, Geo. Wanless, Wm. walsh, Jacob Wittenberg, Henry L. Wortman, Wm. F. Webber, Chas. Wasmund, Geo. Walz, John Lawrence Watson, Albert J. Wilson, John Willer, Geo. Ward, Herman Weomach, James Wright, J. W. Wilson (M. D.), Albert Winkler.
   Wineas R. Yankelimas, Emil Yost, John Yager, Thomas Young, Samuel A. Young.
   August Zilke, Anton Zulawski, August Ziebron.

Travel Tuesday: Elizabeth (Winters) Mapplebeck and Granddaughter Vivian Visit Toledo, Ohio

In 1907, my 2nd-great-grandmother Catherine Elizabeth (Winters) Mapplebeck and her granddaughter Vivian briefly visited Alton, Madison County Illinois. They had moved from Alton to St. Louis, Missouri in 1906. They probably visited Elizabeth's friends. They then went to Toledo, Ohio for a few weeks.

Alton Evening Telegraph, 3 June 1907, page 5

Elizabeth's son Garfield Graham was living in Toledo, Ohio in 1907. They must have been going to visit him.

Polk's Toledo Directory for the Year Commencing July 1907, page 646. Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1822-1995 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011.

Yorkshire Day

White Rose of York. Image by Sodacan (Own work) [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)]. 18 January 2011. Available from Wikimedia Commons.

August 1 is Yorkshire Day. The celebration was created in 1975 to promote Yorkshire County, England. It was first celebrated by the Yorkshire Ridings Society. August 1 was chosen as the date because the Battle of Minden was fought on 1 August 1759, and soldiers from Yorkshire regiments picked roses from the Minden fields to pay tribute to the fallen men.

On Yorkshire Day, the Yorkshire Declaration of Integrity is read at the four bars (gates) of York: Micklegate Bar, Bootham Bar, Monk Bar, and Walmgate Bar.

Yorkshire Declaration of Integrity
"I, [Name], being a resident of the [West/North/East] Riding of Yorkshire [or City of York] declare:
That Yorkshire is three Ridings and the City of York, with these Boundaries of [Current Year minus 875] years standing;
That the address of all places in these Ridings is Yorkshire;
That all persons born therein or resident therein and loyal to the Ridings are Yorkshiremen and women; 
That any person or corporate body which deliberately ignores or denies the aforementioned shall forfeit all claim to Yorkshire status.
These declarations made this Yorkshire Day [Year]. God Save the Queen!"

Events are organized in nearly every Yorkshire town; they include gatherings of civic heads such as mayors and Lord Mayors, musical performances, theatrical productions, and festivals. People may get together with family and friends, or visit local attractions. Many people wear a Yorkshire rose.

The Mapplebeck family was from Yorkshire.

References
Yorkshire Day (Wikipedia)
Yorkshire Day (Yorkshire.com)
Yorkshire Day (Yorkshire Ridings Society)
Yorkshire Day - 1st August
Yorkshire Day Fact File

Those Places Thursday: 519 E. 9th St., Alton, Illinois

My great-great-grandmother Catherine Elizabeth (Winters) Mapplebeck lived at 519 E. 9th St., Alton, Madison County, Illinois from 1902-1905. She moved to St. Louis, Missouri in 1906. Her two children, Kathleen (my great-grandmother) and Garfield Graham (also known as Kathleen and Garfield Mapplebeck) also lived at 519 E. 9th St. when the family first moved from their previous residence at 637 E. 3rd St., Alton. Garfield moved to Peoria, Illinois in 1904. Kathleen had moved to St. Louis by 1904.

W. H. McCoy's Alton City Directory, Including the Towns of Upper Alton, North Alton, and East Alton. 1902-1903. Keokuk, Iowa: W. H. McCoy. Available from Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1821-1989 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011.

W. H. McCoy's Alton City Directory, Including the Towns of Upper Alton, North Alton, and East Alton. 1905-1906. Keokuk, Iowa: W. H. McCoy. Available from Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1821-1989 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011.

Maritime Monday: Captain William Mapplebeck's Last Voyage

William Mapplebeck, the uncle of my great-grandmother Kathleen Graham's stepfather/adoptive father James Mapplebeck, was the captain of the ship Friends of Goole, East Riding of Yorkshire, England. In early November 1875, he delivered Apollinaris mineral water to Scotland.

Falkirk Herald, 6 November 1875, page 3. Available from British Newspaper Archive. Image © THE BRITISH LIBRARY BOARD. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

The Friends was lost at sea later that month. Wreckage from the ship, including the nameboard, was washed ashore at Saltfleet, Lincolnshire, England. Everyone aboard was believed to have been lost at sea.

Bradford Observer, 22 November 1875, page 4. Available from British Newspaper Archive. Image © THE BRITISH LIBRARY BOARD. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

London Standard, 22 November 1875, page 6. Available from British Newspaper Archive. Image © THE BRITISH LIBRARY BOARD. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Leeds Mercury, 27 November 1875, page 16. Available from British Newspaper Archive. Image © THE BRITISH LIBRARY BOARD. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

Wednesday's Child: George M. Mapplebeck

The second child of William Mapplebeck (the half-brother of James Mapplebeck) and his first wife Anna Maria Marriott was born in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada on 23 February 1876. According to the birth registration, the child was named George Markham Mapplebeck.

George Markham Mapplebeck birth registration. Registered 6 March 1876. County of Wentworth. City of Hamilton. Ancestry.com. Ontario, Canada Births, 1869-1913 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010.Original data: Archives of Ontario. Registrations of Births and Stillbirths – 1869-1913. MS 929, reel 26. Toronto, Ontario, Canada: Archives of Ontario.

George died of bronchitis two months later, on 25 April 1876. According to his death registration, his middle name was Martin.

George Martin Maplebeck death registration. Registered 26 April 1876. County of Wentworth. City of Hamilton. Ancestry.com. Ontario, Canada, Deaths, 1869-1938 and Deaths Overseas, 1939-1947 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010.Original data: Archives of Ontario. Registrations of Deaths, 1869-1938. MS 935, reel 14. Archives of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Wednesday's Child: William John Mapplebeck

William John Maplebeck death record. Registered 22 March 1883. County of Wentworth. Division of Hamilton. Ancestry.com. Ontario, Canada, Deaths, 1869-1938 and Deaths Overseas, 1939-1947 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010.Original data: Archives of Ontario. Registrations of Deaths, 1869-1938. MS 935, reels 1-615. Archives of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

William John Mapplebeck was born on 16 March 1883 in Hamilton, Wentworth, Ontario, Canada. He died of convulsions two days later, on 18 March 1883. He was the son of  William Mapplebeck (the half-brother of James Mapplebeck) and Isabella Marion Stevenson, and the younger brother of Isabella Baird Mapplebeck, last week's "Wednesday's Child."

Wednesday's Child: Isabella Baird Mapplebeck

Isabella Maplebeck death record. 16 April 1888. County of Wentworth, Division of Hamilton. Ancestry.com. Ontario, Canada, Deaths, 1869-1938 and Deaths Overseas, 1939-1947 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010. Original data: Archives of Ontario. Registrations of Deaths, 1869-1938. MS 935, reels 1-615. Archives of Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Isabella Baird Mapplebeck  was born on 22 March 1880 in Hamilton, Wentworth, Ontario, Canada. She was the daughter of William Mapplebeck (the half-brother of James Mapplebeck) and Isabella Marion Stevenson. She died of diptheria on 16 April 1888 in  Hamilton, Wentworth, Ontario, Canada.

European Maritime Day

May 20 is European Maritime Day. The purpose of the day is to raise awareness of the importance of the oceans and the role that they play in the lives of Europeans.

On 20 May 2008, the European Parliament, the Council of the European Union, and the European Commission signed a Joint Tripartite Declaration Establishing a "European Maritime Day".  This was done as part of the Integrated Maritime Policy, which was proposed by the European Commission in October 2007 and endorsed at the European Council on 14 December 2007.

Each year, a European Maritime Conference is held. This year's conference is in Piraeus, Greece.

The sea has played a role in the lives of Europeans in my family. My great-great-grandfather's brother Ola Peter Troedson was a sjöman (seaman) in Grevie, Skåne, Sweden. My great-great-grandmother's brother Andreas Eriksen was a skipperborger (skipper/ship master, social layer above the working class) in Haugesund, Rogaland, Norway. My 4th-great-grandfather Hugh Winters lived in the port city of Leith, Scotland and worked as a fireman, probably on ships. James Mapplebeck's father's family was from Rawcliffe, East Riding of Yorkshire, England, which is about 3 miles from the port city of Goole. His father's brother Robert Mapplebeck was a mate of a home trade passenger ship, and his father's brother William Mapplebeck was a captain who drowned when his ship was lost at sea.

References
European Commission: European Maritime Day
European Commission - PRESS RELEASES - Press release - 20 May: European Maritime Day set up by European institutions
European Maritime Day

Mappy Monday: Rawcliffe, East Riding of Yorkshire, England

Map of the East Riding of Yorkshire, England, with Rawcliffe parish highlighted. Map by Keith D, containing Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right. [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)]. Available from Wikimedia Commons.

This map shows the location of Rawcliffe, East Riding of Yorkshire, England. James Mapplebeck's father George Mapplebeck was from Rawcliffe.

52 Ancestors: Week 15 "How Do You Spell That?": James Mapplebeck

James Mapplebeck, the second husband of my great-great-grandmother Catherine Elizabeth Winters and the adoptive father of his stepchildren (my great-grandmother Kathleen Graham and her brother Garfield), had an uncommon surname. At times that has been advantageous. For example, it would have been much more difficult to find the newspaper articles about my great-grandmother and the father of her oldest child (whose name had been previously been unknown to me) if she had been using her birth surname instead of her adoptive surname. However, sometimes finding members of this family can be challenging, because the surname has been spelled many different ways in records. The first part of the name is pronounced "Maple." (I learned this from my family, and it explains why I have often found the name spelled with only one p in records.)

The Mapplebeck family came from Rawcliffe, Yorkshire, England. The name is usually spelled Mapplebeck in British records. Some examples from FamilySearch include the indexed baptismal record of James' father George Mapplebeck, the indexed marriage record of George Mapplebeck and his first wife Mary Stephenson, and the indexed baptismal record of George and Mary's son William Mapplebeck (James' half-brother). But in Canada and the United States, I have found many different spellings. In the 1851 Census of Canada, George, Mary, and William were enumerated in York County, Canada West (Ontario) with the surname Maplebeck. In the 1861 agricultural census of Canada, George was enumerated in Minto Township, Wellington, Canada West with the surname Mappelbeck. James may have been born in Minto Township. According to his death certificate, he was born on 29 December 1858. George purchased land in Minto Township in the mid-1850s.

In 1871, the Mapplebeck family lived in Hamilton, Wentworth, Ontario, Canada. The 1871 Census of Canada enumeration is the first one that I have located for James. The family surname is spelled Mapplebeck in the census record. When James' father George died on 15 May 1878, his surname was spelled Maplebeck.

In the early 1880s, James, his brother George, and his mother Jane moved to Montreal, Quebec, Canada. James and his brother worked as glassblowers. In the 1883 Lovell's Montreal Directory, all three family members appear in the alphabetical directory with the surname Mappleback, and in the street directory with the surname Mapplebeck. James married my great-great-grandmother Catherine Elizabeth Winters on 20 November 1885. His surname was spelled Mapplebeck in the record from St. Mary's Church in Hochelaga. He became a father to Elizabeth's two children Kathleen and Garfield, from her marriage to James Graham. They used his surname until they were adults. (Kathleen took the surname Walker after the birth of her first child, and used her married name, Boe, after her marriage to John Boe. Garfield returned to his birth surname, Graham, when he was in his mid-20s.)

In the 1891 Census of Canada, James' surname was written as MapleBack. In FamilySearch's and Ancestry.com's index to the 1891 Census of Canada, his name appears as Back James Mapleback. The Mapplebeck family moved to Alton, Madison County, Illinois, where James worked as a glassblower for the Illinois Glass Company. His mother Jane, sister Sarah, and brother George moved to Camden, New Jersey. His half-brother William Mapplebeck lived with his wife and children in Hamilton, Ontario.

By 1898, James had moved to San Francisco, California, where he worked as a glassblower for San Francisco & Pacific Glass Works. His surname was spelled Mappelbach in the 1898 and 1899 San Francisco city directories. His wife and her children remained in Alton, Illinois.

By 1900, James had moved to Martinez, Contra Costa County, California. His surname was spelled Mapplebeck in the 1900 United States Census. He lived in a household headed by a man named N. P. Ohaver. He and J. J. Barfield, age 15, were both listed as "Partner." He was listed as a glassblower.

In 1910, James lived in Alabama, Sacramento County, California. He worked as a teamster in a vineyard. In the 1910 United States Census, his surname was spelled Mapplibeck.

In 1914, James Mapplebeck was listed in the Index to Precinct Register, Yuba County, California. He was listed in the Far West District, He lived in Wheatland, was a farmer, and was a Republican.

I have not been able to locate James in the 1920 or 1930 United States censuses. His death certificate suggests (based on length of residence in California, 47 years) that he continuously lived in California after he arrived in the late 1890s. Perhaps his surname is badly misspelled in the census records.

In 1934, James Mapplebeck was on the list of registered voters in Sacramento County, California. He was a laborer in Sacramento, and was a Republican.

In 1936, James Mapplebeck was listed in the Sacramento city directory as a resident of Home for Aged. In the 1940 United States census, James was listed as a resident of Home for the Aged in San Joaquin, Sacramento County, California. He was enumerated with the surname Maplepeck.

James died of bronchial pneumonia in Sacramento County Hospital on 7 September 1946. He was buried in Sacramento County Cemetery.

So many spellings! 

Lovell's Montreal Directory, For 1883-1884, Containing an Alphabetical Directory of the Citizens, Street Directory, an Advertisers Classified Business Directory, and a Miscellaneous Directory, to which is added Directories of Coteau St. Louis, Coteau St. Pierre, Cote des Neiges, Cote St. Antoine, Cote St. Luc, Cote St. Paul, Cote Visitation, Hochelaga, Lachine, Laprairie, Long Point, Longueuil, Mount Royal Avenue, Mount Royal Vale, Notre Dame de Grace, Outremont, St. Jean Baptiste Village, St. Lambert, St. Louis of Mile End, Town of St, Cunegonde, Town of St. Henry, Verdun, and Village of St. Gabriel. Corrected to June 16th, 1883. Montreal: John Lovell & Son. Available from  Ancestry.com. Canada, City and Area Directories, 1819-1906 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2013.

St. Mary's Church, Hochelaga, Quebec, Canada. Marriage of James Mapplebeck and Elizabeth Winters, 20 November 1885. Drouin Collection. Montreal, Quebec, Canada: Institut Généalogique Drouin. Available from Ancestry.com. Quebec, Vital and Church Records (Drouin Collection), 1621-1967 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2008.

1891 Census of Canada, Ste Marie Ward, Montréal Centre, Quebec, district 172, page 1, family 5. Available from Ancestry.com. 1891 Census of Canada [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2008.

J. P. Hodge and Sons' Directory of the City of Alton, North Alton and Upper Alton, 1895-1896. Alton, IL: J. P. Hodge & Sons. Available from Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1821-1989 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011.

Crocker-Langley San Francisco Directory for Year Commencing May 1898. San Francisco: H. S. Crocker Company, 1898. Available from Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1821-1989 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011.

1910 United States census, Alabama, Sacramento County, California, population schedule, enumeration district 87, supervisor's district 2, sheet no. 5A. Available from Ancestry.com. 1910 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006. 

Index to Precinct Register, Yuba County [California], 1914. General Election November 3. Page 16. Available from Ancestry.com. California, Voter Registrations, 1900-1968 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2008.

1940 United States census, San Joaquin, Sacramento County, California, population schedule, Home for the Aged, sheet no. 2B. Available from Ancestry.com. 1940 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2012.

Mystery Monday: Why Did James Mapplebeck Go to California?

In 1895, James Mapplebeck was living in Alton, Madison County, Illinois. He had left Montreal, Quebec, Canada around 1891-1892, after the 1891 Census of Canada.

J. P. Hodge and Sons' Directory of the City of Alton, North Alton and Upper Alton, 1895-1896. Alton, IL: J. P. Hodge & Sons. Available from Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1821-1989 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011.

By 1898, he was living in San Francisco, California. He was still at the same address in 1899.

Crocker-Langley San Francisco Directory for Year Commencing May 1898. San Francisco: H. S. Crocker Company, 1898. Available from Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1821-1989 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011.

Crocker-Langley San Francisco Directory for Year Commencing May 1899. San Francisco: H. S. Crocker Company, 1898. Available from Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1821-1989 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011.

His wife (my great-great-grandmother Catherine Elizabeth Winters) and her two children, whom he had raised as his own since they were young, did not go with him. They were still living in Alton, Illinois in 1899.

W. H. McCoy's Alton City Directory, Including the Towns of Upper Alton, North Alton, and East Alton, 1899-1900. Keokuk, Iowa: W. H. McCoy. Available from Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1821-1989 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011.

Why did James Mapplebeck go to California? His mother Jane, brother George, and sister Sarah had also left Montreal; they had gone to New Jersey. His half-brother William Mapplebeck had been living in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada (where James had lived until after the death of their father), but by 1899 he had moved to Detroit, Michigan. His uncle John Mapplebeck was living in Hamilton, Ontario. The only person I know of who had any connection to James Mapplebeck who had spent time living in San Francisco was Charles Buise. He was probably a relative of Elizabeth Buise, the last wife of John Bennet Winters (the father of Catherine Elizabeth Winters). Charles may also have been related to Catherine Elizabeth Winters or her children, because the death notice of his mother Margaret McGillivray was transcribed in the Winters family Bible. However, Charles Buise died in 1893.

A possible explanation for his move is the Klondike Gold Rush. George Carmack and his brother-in-law Snookum Jim Mason discovered gold at Bonanza Creek (then called Rabbit Creek) on  16 August 1896. On 15 July 1897 in San Francisco and 17 July 1897 in Seattle, prospectors returned from the Klondike with large amounts of gold, and the Klondike stampede began. Approximately 100,000 people attempted to reach the goldfields.

Excelcior (the first steamer to carry passengers to the Klondike after news of the discovery of gold) leaving San Francisco for the Klondike, July 28, 1897. Photo by Sam C. Partridge [Public domain]. Available from University Libraries, University of Washington and Wikimedia Commons.

To reach the Klondike, prospectors traveled from Seattle or San Francisco to Alaska, and then to the Yukon.

Map showing routes from San Francisco to Alaska and the Klondike.  George Davidson. San Francisco: Alaska Exploration Company, 1898. Available from David Rumsey Map Collection.

Prospectors came from all over the United States and from other countries. The Alton Evening Telegraph included information on traveling to the Klondike.

Alton Evening Telegraph, 15 March 1898

Alton Evening Telegraph, 22 March 1898

Perhaps James Mapplebeck traveled to the Klondike, returned to San Francisco, and chose to stay in California. (He never returned to his family.) Or maybe he went to San Francisco with the intention of traveling to the Klondike, but ended up staying there. I hope to find additional information that may confirm this theory.

National Adoption Day

The Saturday before Thanksgiving is National Adoption Day. The day is intended to raise awareness of the large number of children in foster care waiting for adoption, and to celebrate adoptive families.

My great-great-grandmother's sister Clara Matilda Borg and her husband Nils A. Samuelson never had biological children, but they raised a girl, Etta Maria Carter, and a boy, Leroy G. "Roy" Johnson.

1910 United States Census, Westchester Township, Porter, Indiana, population schedule, enumeration district 152, page 9A. Available from  Ancestry.com. 1910 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2006.

1920 United States Census, Westchester Township, Porter, Indiana, population schedule, enumeration district 157, page 4A. Available from Ancestry.com. 1920 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations Inc, 2010. Images reproduced by FamilySearch.

The Vidette-Messenger, 20 March 1934, page 2. (The name of the daughter is listed incorrectly.)

My 3rd-great-grandfather's brother John G. Gatlin and his wife Martha Ann Gower legally adopted a little girl, Tennessee Reed (Minnie Gatlin after the adoption), in 1874.

Miller, Alan N. Nineteenth Century Tennessee Adoptions, Legitimations, and Name Changes. Baltimore, MD: Clearfield, 2009. Page 51.

The girl's biological parents reconciled after the adoption had approved, and wanted her back. The Davidson County, Tennessee Circuit Court ruled that it was in the best interests of the child for her to remain with her adoptive parents. The below excerpt from an article in the Nashville Union and American, 3 December 1874, shows that the adoptive mother and daughter had formed a close bond.

Nashville Union and American, 3 December 1874. Available from Chronicling America.

My great-grandmother Kathleen (Graham) Mapplebeck Boe was the biological daughter of James Graham, but when her mother Catherine Elizabeth Winters married James Mapplebeck, she took his name and he became her father. The adoption may have been informal rather than legal, but Kathleen's application for a Social Security account shows that James Mapplebeck was the man that she considered to be her father.

Kathleen Graham Mapplebeck Boe, SS no. 494-07-1459, 11 December 1936, Application for Account Number (Form SS-5), Social Security Administration, Baltimore, Maryland.

52 Ancestors: #46 Kathleen Graham

My great-grandmother Kathleen Graham was born on 31 October 1879. She was the daughter of James Graham and Catherine Elizabeth Winters. Her birth name may have been Catherine; earlier records list her by that name. She was either born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, or was born in Chicago, Illinois and came to Montreal as a baby. I think that Montreal is the more likely birthplace; her mother's father John Bennet Winters was living in Montreal at the time of her birth.

After 1883, Kathleen's father James Graham either died or left his family. Kathleen's mother Elizabeth claimed to be a widow, but the family story is that James Graham had been a Catholic priest and had returned to the priesthood. I have not yet confirmed the family story, but because of it, I think that James may have left his family, even if he did not leave for the priesthood.

On 20 November 1885, Kathleen's mother Elizabeth married James Mapplebeck. Kathleen and her younger brother Garfield took his surname. They may not have been legally adopted by him, but Kathleen thought of James Mapplebeck as her father. He was the man that raised her.

Between 1891 and 1892, sometime after the 1891 Census of Canada, the Mapplebeck family moved to Alton, Madison County, Illinois. James Mapplebeck was a glassblower, and the Illinois Glass Company was located in Alton. James Mapplebeck had left the family by 1898; he went to California. Kathleen had lost another father.

On 9 August 1901, Kathleen gave birth to a daughter, Vivian. Vivian's father was Samuel R. Bowen Samuel had worked at the glass company, and then had gone to Olean, Cattaraugus County, New York for the summer, while Kathleen was pregnant. Kathleen had him arrested, and he was brought back to Alton, Illinois. A young widow, Lulu (Fox) Masterson, came back with him. Although she had only known him for two months, she paid his bail. They returned to New York while Samuel was out on bail, and he married her on 22 July 1901. In October 1901, he returned to Alton, accompanied by his wife and stepson. Kathleen had him jailed for illegitimate parentage, but he was released on a writ of habeas corpus. He was to be tried on another charge, but I have not yet found any additional information on him. Kathleen showed remarkable strength, especially for her time. Many women would not have had the courage to stand up for themselves the way that she did.

Kathleen was known as Mrs. K. G. Walker, and her daughter was Vivian Walker. I suspect that she adopted this name to pass as a widow because of the stigma of illegitimacy. Walker was her mother's mother's maiden name.

Kathleen moved to St. Louis. At the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair (where, according to my mother's first cousin Marie, she got paid for talking), she met John Boe. He was already married, but by the time their son John (my maternal grandfather) was born on 28 April 1908, he and his wife had separated and he and Kathleen had married. They moved to Williston, Williams County, North Dakota, and their daughter Florence was born there on 22 November 1909. In the 1910 United States census, the family was enumerated in Kathleen's mother's household in St. Louis. They were in Williston, North Dakota in 1901. Their son James Jorgen was born on 27 September 1911, and their daughter Theodora Catherine was born on 9 February 1914. The family moved back to St. Louis in March 1915, and their daughter Geraldine Edith was born in St. Louis on 29 July 1916.

Kathleen's husband John was president of the St. Louis Motor Car Company. The company failed in the late 1920s, and the family moved to Sarasota, Florida for a year. They then returned to St. Louis. In 1929, John left Kathleen; he had a daughter with a much younger woman, who he later married.

Kathleen worked for Pevely Dairy. According to her 1930 United States census enumeration, she was educational director. She filed a patent for a design for a scorecard on 4 April 1927, and the patent was granted on 16 October 1928. The design included milk bottles; she probably created it while working for Pevely Dairy. According to my mother, Kathleen was responsible for the introduction of milk into the St. Louis public schools. Free milk programs were established in the St. Louis Public Schools; these are probably the programs she was involved with. By 1936, she was working for the U.S. Census Bureau.

Kathleen was a member of Eastern Star. She attended the Presbyterian Church.

When she was older, Kathleen lived with her children. According to the "Flag of the Day" article in the 30 August 1966 issue of the Chicago Tribune, a flag was flown every day at the home of her son-in-law William A. Paley (husband of her daughter Geraldine) in Wilmette, Illinois, and Kathleen took the flag down at sunset.

Kathleen died in Brentwood, Missouri on 17 November 1967. She was cremated, and her ashes are interred at Hillcrest Abbey Crematory and Mausoleum.

Winters family Bible

1881 Census of Canada. Hochelaga Village, Hochelaga, Quebec. Ancestry.com; reproduced by courtesy of Library and Archives Canada, Ottawa, Canada. (James Graham is enumerated on the previous page.)

W. H. McCoy's Alton City Directory, Including the Towns of Upper Alton, North Alton and East Alton. 1901-1902. Ancestry.com. U.S. City Directories, 1821-1989 [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2011.

  Alton Telegraph, 24 October 1901

Alton Evening Telegraph, 18 May 1905

Boe, Kathleen. Design for a Score Card.Patent USD76601. Application filed 4 April 1927. Patented 16 October 1928. Available from http://www.google.com/patents/USD76601. 

 St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 17 November 1967